Looking at 2025's transaction landscape, three blockchains are pulling ahead with serious throughput numbers. Hedera, the XDC Network, and Stellar are consistently ranking at the top when you measure by sheer transaction volume. What's particularly striking about Stellar? The network just crossed 1.5 billion transactions, and here's the kicker—users are paying less than a penny per transaction on average. That kind of efficiency combined with scale is reshaping how people think about network design. When transaction costs hover below $0.001 while processing billions of operations, it raises real questions about what modern blockchain infrastructure should look like.